IJMB 2022 Areas of Concentration for Biology III Practical

IJMB Biology iii areas that you cannot escape in your exam (practical)

Ijmb 2022 Biology III Areas That You Cannot Escape in Your Exam (Practical)

SPECIMEN B

TICKS is an ectoparasite of cattle, sheep, dog, and goat
The body of thick is divided into two segments which are;

• Head Regi
• Abdomen

It has four pairs of tough leathery integument and possesses a toothed hypostome– a piercing organ for sucking the blood of the host.READ: HOW IJMB PHYSICS ALT_A 2A QUESTIONS PRACTICAL WILL COME OUT

Life Cycle Of Tick (specimen B):

The life cycle of most ticks occurs in four stages. These include the;

• Egg
• Larvae
• Nymphs
• Adult stages

Each stage requires a separate host

• EGG: A mature female tick, after sucking blood from its host, drops down and lays her eggs in the ground under grass and then dies
• Larvae: The egg hatches into a larva with six legs. The larva crawls into the grass and attaches itself to the skin of any animal passing by. The larva feeds on the blood of the host and then falls to the ground
• NYMPHS: The Larva now on the ground moults into a nymph with eight legs. The nymph also crawls and attaches itself to a second host. It feeds on the host and later drops to the ground.
• ADULT: The Nymph now on the ground finally moults into an adult tick, which crawls into the grass and attaches to a third host. If the adult tick is a female, it inserts its mouthparts immediately into the skin of the host and sucks blood. But if the adult tick is a male, it does not fix itself to the host but crawls on the skin in search of a female tick to mate with. After mating with the female, the male dies. When the female has sucked enough blood it falls to the ground and lays its eggs and the whole cycle is repeated.

Economic Importance of the Effect of Ticks

1. They cause great annoyance and irritation to their host.
2. They act as vectors of diseases, e.g. tick fever and heart water diseases. 07062154881
3. Injuries from their bites may become ulcerated wounds.
4. Injuries or wounds caused may become a source of secondary infection.
5. Damage to the skin by Tick on the host reduces the quality of skin or hides
6. They suck the blood of the host, thus leading to anemia in the host animal.
7. The loss of blood may lead to loss of weight and death of the host animal. 07062154881

Control Of Ticks

1. 1. Animals should be kept in clean surroundings.
2. Animals should be dipped in insecticide solutions regularly to destroy ticks or spray them with ascaricide solution.
3. Animal Bedding should be changed regularly.
4. New stocks are to be isolated to ensure that they are free from infection.